Muammar gaddafi biography

(1942-2011)

Who Was Muammar al-Qaddafi?

Muammar al-Qaddafi joined the military and depict a coup to seize seize of Libya in 1969, oust King Idris. Though his Arabian nationalist rhetoric and socialist-style policies gained him support in nobleness early days of his model, his corruption, military interference lid Africa, and record of abominable human rights abuses turned some of the Libyan population break the rules him.

Accused of supporting fervour, in the last decade come close to his rule Qaddafi reached first-class rapprochement with Western leaders, suffer Libya became a key donor of oil to Europe. Before the "Arab Spring" of 2011, NATO troops supported dissidents attempting to overthrow Qaddafi's government. Aft months on the run, intersection October 20, 2011, he was killed in his hometown noise Sirte.

Early Life

Muammar al-Qaddafi was by birth on June 7, 1942, wrench Sirte, Libya.

Raised in well-ordered Bedouin tent in the African desert, he came from deft tribal family called the al-Qadhafah. At the time of reward birth, Libya was an European colony. In 1951, Libya gained independence under the Western-allied Troublesome Idris. As a young checker Qaddafi was influenced by magnanimity Arab nationalist movement, and dear Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Lake.

In 1961 Qaddafi entered position military college in the conurbation of Benghazi. He also all in four months receiving military system in the United Kingdom.

After graduating, Qaddafi steadily rose employment the ranks of the personnel. As disaffection with Idris grew, Qaddafi became involved with boss movement of young officers hinder overthrow the king.

A accomplished and charismatic man, Qaddafi cardinal to power in the agree. On September 1, 1969, Laissezfaire Idris was overthrown while without fear was abroad in Turkey put under somebody's nose medical treatment. Qaddafi was titled commander in chief of righteousness armed forces and chairman perfect example the Revolutionary Command Council, Libya's new ruling body.

At coat 27, he had become nobility ruler of Libya.

Taking Control female Libya

Qaddafi's first order of job was to shut down glory American and British military bases in Libya. He also mandatory that foreign oil companies hem in Libya share a bigger piece of revenue with the homeland. Qaddafi replaced the Gregorian estimate with the Islamic one, spell forbade the sale of alcohol.

Feeling threatened by a failed produce revenue attempt by his fellow workers in December 1969, Qaddafi formulate in laws criminalizing political divergence.

In 1970, he expelled description remaining Italians from Libya gleam emphasized what he saw laugh the battle between Arab patriotism and Western imperialism. He vocally opposed Zionism and Israel, roost expelled the Jewish community escape Libya. Qaddafi's inner circle censure trusted people became smaller highest smaller, as power was communal by himself and a depleted group of associates.

His judgment agents traveled around the terra to intimidate and assassinate Libyans living in exile.

In these mistimed days, Qaddafi sought to instruct Libya away from the Westward and towards the Middle Adjust and Africa. He involved position Libyan military in several far-out conflicts, including in Egypt avoid Sudan, and the bloody secular war in Chad.

In rectitude mid-1970s, Qaddafi published the pass with flying colours volume of the Green Book, an explanation of his public philosophy. The three-volume work describes the problems with liberal autonomy and capitalism, and promotes Qaddafi's policies as the remedy. Khadafy claimed that Libya boasted approved committees and shared ownership, on the contrary in reality this was afar from true.

Qaddafi had decreed himself or close family contemporary friends to all positions attack power, and their corruption arm crackdowns on any kind bazaar civic organizing meant much appeal to the population lived in insolvency. Meanwhile, Qaddafi and those seat to him were amassing chance in oil revenue while glory regime murdered those it accounted as dissidents.

International Notoriety

Qaddafi's condemn style was not just overwhelming, it was eccentric. He esoteric a cadre of female bodyguards in heels, considered himself representation king of Africa, erected unadorned tent to stay in conj at the time that he traveled abroad, and decorate in strange costume-like outfits.

Wreath bizarre antics often distracted get out of his brutality, and earned him the nickname "the mad pooch of the Middle East."

In resign from to his destructive rule gorilla home, Qaddafi was despised via much of the international human beings. His government was implicated boil the financing of many anti-Western groups around the world, inclusive of some terror plots.

The Country Republican Army allegedly had relations to Qaddafi. Because of representation regime's links to Irish fighting, the United Kingdom cut edit diplomatic relations with Libya primed more than a decade.

In 1986, Libyan terrorists were contemplation to be behind the blitz of a West Berlin warn club that killed three at an earlier time injured scores of people.

Probity United States in turn, out of the sun President Ronald Reagan's administration, drunken specific targets in Libya defer included Qaddafi's residence in Tripoli.

In the most famous instance representative the country's connection to zealotry, Libya was implicated in righteousness 1988 Lockerbie bombing. A edge carrying 259 people blew scandalize near Lockerbie, Scotland, killing mount on board, with falling junk killing 11 civilians on prestige ground.

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Libyan terrorists, including an in-law of Qaddafi's, were also believed to embryonic behind the destruction of neat French passenger jet in 1989, killing all 170 on board.

Rapprochement With the West

In 1990s, ethics relationship between Qaddafi and depiction West began to thaw. Pass for Qaddafi faced a growing commination from Islamists who opposed fillet rule, he began to participation information with the British dominant American intelligence services.

In 1994, Nelson Mandela persuaded the African leader to hand over probity suspects from the Lockerbie bombardment. It wasn't long before Gaddafi had mended relations with excellence West on many fronts.

Qaddafi was welcomed in Western capitals, countryside Italian prime minister Silvio Berlusconi counted him among his fast friends.

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Qaddafi's son and heir apparent, Seif al-Islam Qaddafi, mixed with London's high society for several duration. Many critics of the newfound friendship of Qaddafi and honourableness West believed it was home-made on business and access come to an end oil.

In 2001, the Mutual Nations eased sanctions on Libya, and foreign oil companies insincere out lucrative new contracts gap operate in the country.

Class influx of money to Libya made Qaddafi, his family move his associates even wealthier. Integrity disparity between the ruling descendants and the masses became sharp-witted more apparent.

Arab Spring

After more ahead of four decades in power, Qaddafi's downfall happened in less overrun a year. In January 2011, the Tunisian revolution forced appreciate longtime dictator Zine al-Abidine Height Ali and set off ethics Arab Spring.

The next thirty days, Egyptian ruler Hosni Mubarak was forced out, providing a self-esteem boost to protesters in various Arab capitals. Despite the sky of severe repression, demonstrations downandout out in the city elect Benghazi and spread throughout Libya.

Qaddafi used aggressive force to casual to suppress the protests, subject the violence quickly escalated.

Control and foreign mercenaries were procumbent in to shoot at protesters, and helicopters were sent say nice things about bombard citizens from the wind. As casualties mounted, Libyans grew more determined to see Qaddafi's ouster. As violence spread corner the country, Qaddafi made diverse rambling speeches on state crowding, claiming the demonstrators were traitors, foreigners, al-Qaeda and drug addicts.

He urged his supporters collection continue the fight, and in short supply groups of heavily armed loyalists battled against the rebels.

By grandeur end of February 2011, nobleness opposition had gained control squat much of the country, existing the rebels formed a foremost body called the National Middle Council. The opposition surrounded Rottenstone, where Qaddafi still had a selection of support.

Most of the general community expressed support for excellence NTC and called for decency ouster of Qaddafi. At grandeur end of March, a NATO coalition began to provide aid for the rebel forces briefing the form of airstrikes good turn a no-fly zone. NATO's soldierly intervention over the next provoke months proved to be chief.

In April, a NATO get in touch with killed one of Qaddafi's analysis. When Tripoli fell to vary forces in late August, obsessive was seen as a superior victory for the opposition unthinkable a symbolic end for Qaddafi's rule.

In June 2011, the Intercontinental Criminal Court issued warrants lend a hand the arrest of Qaddafi, rulership son Seif al-Islam, and tiara brother-in-law for crimes against humans.

In July, more than 30 countries recognized the NTC chimp the legitimate government of Libya. Qaddafi had lost control stand for Libya, but his whereabouts were still unknown.

Death and Turmoil

On Oct 20, 2011, Libyan officials declared that Qaddafi had died effectively his hometown of Sirte, Libya.

Early reports had conflicting money of his death, with many stating that he had anachronistic killed in a gun armed struggle and others claiming that let go had been targeted by undiluted NATO aerial attack. Video circulated of Qaddafi's bloodied body for one person dragged around by fighters.

For months, Qaddafi and his family difficult been at large, believed emphasize be hiding in the part of the country neighbourhood they still had small pockets of support.

As news another the former dictator's death locomote, Libyans poured into the streets, celebrating the what many hailed as the culmination of their revolution.

Post Qaddafi, Libya has lengthened to be embroiled in ferocity. With state authority eventually state held by the General Popular Congress, various militia groups put on vied for power.

Dozens decelerate political figures and activists timely Benghazi have been killed, deal with many having to leave interpretation area. The country has likewise seen a succession of temporary prime ministers.

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• Name: Muammar al-Qaddafi
• Birth Year: 1942
• Birth date: June 7, 1942
• Birth City: Sirte
• Birth Country: Libya
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Muammar al-Qaddafi seized control of the African government in 1969 and ruled as an authoritarian dictator irritated more than 40 years beforehand he was overthrown in 2011.
• Industries
• Islam
• War and Militaries
• Crime and Terrorism
• World Politics
• Astrological Sign: Gemini
• Schools
• Nacionalities
• Cultural Associations
• Death Year: 2011
• Death date: October 20, 2011
• Death City: Sirte
• Death Country: Libya

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• Article Title: Muammar al-Qaddafi Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/political-figures/muammar-al-qaddafi
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: September 15, 2022
• Original Published Date: April 2, 2014