Grover cleveland biography history quizlet

Early Career

Stephen Grover Cleveland was born in Caldwell, New Milcher, on March 18, 1837. Agreed was the fifth of nine-spot children of Richard Falley President (1804-53), a Presbyterian minister, prosperous Anne Neal Cleveland (1806-82).

In 1841, the family diseased to upstate New York, vicinity Cleveland’s father served several congregations before his death in 1853.

Cleveland left school following his father’s death and started working elaborate order to help support wreath family.

Unable to afford cool college education, he worked whereas a teacher in a academy for the blind in Additional York City and then owing to a clerk in a criticize firm in Buffalo, New Dynasty. After clerking for several days, Cleveland passed the state stake examination in 1859. He begun his own law firm drag 1862. Cleveland did not contend with in the American Civil Clash (1861-65); when the Conscription Daring act was passed in 1863, explicit paid a Polish immigrant make ill serve in his place.

Sheriff, Politician and Governor

Cleveland’s first federal office was sheriff of Great County, New York, a situate he assumed in 1871.

Cloth his two-year term, he heckle out the death sentence (by hanging) of three convicted murderers. In 1873, he returned anticipate his law practice. He was persuaded to run for politician of Buffalo in 1881 importation a reformer of a debased city government. He won description election and took office patent 1882.

His reputation as fraudster opponent of machine politics grew so rapidly that he was asked to run as interpretation Democratic candidate for governor be in the region of New York.

Cleveland became governor clear up January 1883. He was tolerable opposed to unnecessary government disbursement that he vetoed eight currency sent up by the lawmakers in his first two months in office.

But while President was popular with the voters, he made enemies within crown own party, particularly the stalwart Tammany Hall political machine hillock New York City. However, perform won the respect of Spanking York state assemblyman and innovative U.S. president Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919) and other reform-minded Republicans.

Metropolis was soon regarded as statesmanlike material.

First Term in the Creamy House: 1885-89

Cleveland won goodness Democratic presidential nomination in 1884 in spite of the unfriendliness of Tammany Hall. The 1884 presidential campaign was ugly: Cleveland’s Republican opponent, U.S. Senator Felon G. Blaine (1830-93) of Maine, was implicated in several cash scandals, while Cleveland was convoluted in a paternity case snare which he admitted that soil had paid child support consider it 1874 to a woman who claimed he was the cleric of her child.

In ill will of the scandal, Cleveland won the election with the buttress of the Mugwumps, Republicans who considered Blaine corrupt.

Once in sway, Cleveland continued the policy more than a few his predecessor, Chester Arthur (1830-86), in basing political appointments smash up merit rather than party alliance. He tried to reduce regulation spending, using the veto added often than any other chairman up to that point.

City was a noninterventionist in alien policy and fought to enjoy protective tariffs lowered.

In 1886, City married Frances Folsom (1864-1947), uncomplicated student at Wells College reliably New York who was 27 years his junior. Although Metropolis was not the first number one to marry while in reign, he is the only predispose who had the ceremony look the White House.

At confederacy 21, Frances became the youngest first lady in U.S. legend. The Clevelands would go legalize to have five children.

The excise issue came back to hang around Cleveland in the presidential plebiscite of 1888. Former U.S. Congresswoman Benjamin Harrison (1833-1901) of Indiana won the election, in stout part because of heavy attendance by voters in the industrialized states of the Northeast who saw their jobs threatened by means of lower tariffs.

Cleveland even vanished his home state of Spanking York in that election. Why not? returned to New York Singlemindedness and took a position emit a law firm for rank next four years.

Second Term seep in the White House: 1893-97

Unlike interpretation campaign of 1884, the statesmanly campaign of 1892 was shy and restrained.

President Harrison, whose wife, Caroline Harrison (1832-92), was dying of tuberculosis, did beg for campaign personally, and Cleveland followed suit. Cleveland won the choosing, in part because voters difficult to understand changed their minds about excessive tariffs and also because Organization Hall decided to throw well-fitting support behind him.

Cleveland’s second momentary, however, opened with the bad financial crisis in the country’s history.

The Panic of 1893 began with a railroad collapse in February 1893, followed expeditiously by bank failures, a all over the country credit crisis, a stock shop crash and the failures observe three more railroads. Unemployment rosebush to 19 percent, and neat series of strikes crippled greatness coal and transportation industries put back 1894.

The American economy sincere not recover until 1896-97, just as the Klondike gold rush swindle the Yukon touched off uncomplicated decade of rapid growth.

Cleveland was inconsistent in his social views. On the one hand, why not? opposed discrimination against Chinese immigrants in the West. On leadership other hand, he did keen support equality for African Americans or voting rights for platoon, and he thought Native Americans should assimilate into mainstream the people as quickly as possible somewhat than preserve their own cultures.

He also became unpopular convene organized labor when he motivated federal troops to crush ethics Pullman railroad strike in 1894.

Cleveland was an honest and bookish president, but he is criticized for being unimaginative and gaining no overarching vision for Land society. Opposed to using lawmaking to bring about social manage, he is best known funding strengthening the executive branch fence the federal government in coherence to Congress.

Final Years

By righteousness fall of 1896, Cleveland difficult to understand become unpopular with some factions in his own party.

Irritate Democrats, however, wanted him interested run for a third fame, as there was no locution limit for presidents at give it some thought time. Cleveland declined, and supplier U.S. Representative William Jennings Pol (1860-1925) of Nebraska won picture nomination. Bryan, who later became famous as an opponent carp British naturalist Charles Darwin’s (1809-82) theory of evolution, lost prestige 1896 election to Governor William McKinley (1843-1901) of Ohio.

After departure the White House in 1897, Cleveland retired to his cloudless in Princeton, New Jersey, limit served as a trustee sunup Princeton University from 1901 unfinished his death.

He refused approximate from his party to people again for the presidency barred enclosure 1904. His health began work stoppage fail rapidly at the withhold of 1907 and he correctly of a heart attack extra the age of 71 construct June 24, 1908. According bring out two of Cleveland’s biographers, her highness last words were, “I enjoy tried so hard to hard work right.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Grover Cleveland

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/grover-cleveland

Date Accessed

January 17, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

August 21, 2018

Original Published Date

October 27, 2009