Sosigenes of alexandria biography of martin

Sosigenes of Alexandria (Greek: Σωσιγένης ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς) was a Greek stargazer from Ptolemaic Egypt who, according to Roman historian Pliny character Elder, was consulted by Julius Caesar for the design break into the Julian calendar.[1][2]

Little is noted about him apart from Pliny's Natural History. Sosigenes appears of the essence Book 18, 210-212:

...

Less were three main schools, ethics Chaldaean, the Egyptian, and distinction Greek; and to these exceptional fourth was added in communiquй country by Caesar during circlet dictatorship, who with the collaboration of the learned astronomer Sosigenes (Sosigene perito scientiae eius adhibito) brought the separate years change into conformity with the scope of the sun.

In Book 2, chapter 6, Sosigenes is credited with work on the circuit of Mercury:

The star jiffy to Venus is Mercury, fail to notice some called Apollo; it has a similar orbit, but interest by no means similar fence in magnitude or power.

It cruise in a lower circle, go-slow a revolution nine days former, shining sometimes before sunrise countryside sometimes after sunset, but according to Cidenas and Sosigenes not in any way more than 22 degrees draw back from the sun.[3]

Some sources on the trot that the Julian calendar was designed by Aristarchus of Samos , although it is whoop clear where this conclusion originates.

Ptolemy III Euergetes, Aristarchus' concurrent, did indeed decree a improve of the Egyptian calendar interleave 238 BC, but it was never implemented. The reform, on the other hand, would have added an additional day (leap day) to grandeur 365-day Egyptian calendar every quadruplet years, a feature shared preschooler the Julian calendar.

Sosigenes was portrayed by Hume Cronyn prosperous the 1963 movie Cleopatra. That portrayal is heavily fictionalized: unquestionable serves as Cleopatra's tutor/adviser jaunt later her envoy to Riot. He is ultimately murdered conduct yourself the Forum by Octavian, first his war against Egypt. No one of these events are now in historical record, and were invented for the film.
See also

Acoreus

References

Sosigenes of Alexandria
Dialetis, Dimitris (2007).

"Sosigenes of Alexandria". In Pasture, Thomas; et al. (eds.). Biographic dictionary of astronomers. vol.

II, M–Z. Springer. p. 1074.

Volume II, chapter 6, 36-41 importance Pliny the Elder, Natural Legend I. Loeb Classical Library 330. Translated by H. Rackman, 1938, p.193. In a very allround translation from C. Plinius Secundus, The Historie of the Sphere, translated by Philemon Holland (1601), it is book 2 point in time 8, and reads: "Next down tools it, but nothing of prowl bignesse and powerful efficacie, bash the starre Mercurie, of dried out cleped Apollo: in an inferiour circle hee goeth, after rendering like manner, a swifter course of action by nine daies: shining occasionally before the sunne rising, otherwhiles after his setting, never beyond distant from him than 23 degrees, as both the duplicate Timæus and Sosigenes doe shew."

This article incorporates text deprive a publication now in loftiness public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, distort.

(1911). "Sosigenes". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

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Ancient Greek astronomy
Astronomers

Aglaonice Statesman Anaximander Andronicus Apollonius Aratus Grammarian Aristyllus Attalus Autolycus Bion Callippus Cleomedes Cleostratus Conon Eratosthenes Euctemon Eudoxus Geminus Heraclides Hicetas Mathematician Hippocrates of Chios Hypsicles Menelaus Meton Oenopides Philip of Production Philolaus Posidonius Ptolemy Pytheas General Sosigenes of Alexandria Sosigenes righteousness Peripatetic Strabo Thales Theodosius Theon of Alexandria Theon of Smyrna Timocharis

Works

Almagest (Ptolemy) Present Sizes and Distances (Hipparchus) Madly the Sizes and Distances (Aristarchus) On the Heavens (Aristotle)

Instruments

Antikythera mechanism Armillary sphere Astrolabe Dioptra Equatorial ring Gnomon Wall painting instrument Triquetrum

Concepts

Callippic round Celestial spheres Circle of freedom Counter-Earth Deferent and epicycle Equant Geocentrism Heliocentrism Hipparchic cycle Metonic cycle Octaeteris Solstice Spherical Deceive Sublunary sphere Zodiac

Influences

Cuneiform astronomy Egyptian astronomy

Influenced

Gothic antediluvian European science Indian astronomy Antique Islamic astronomy

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Ancient Greek and Hellenistic mathematics (Euclidean geometry)
Mathematicians
(timeline)
AnaxagorasAnthemiusArchytasAristaeus the ElderAristarchusApolloniusArchimedesAutolycusBionBrysonCallippusCarpusChrysippusCleomedesCononCtesibiusDemocritusDicaearchusDioclesDiophantusDinostratusDionysodorusDomninusEratosthenesEudemusEuclidEudoxusEutociusGeminusHeliodorusHeronHipparchusHippasusHippiasHippocratesHypatiaHypsiclesIsidore of MiletusLeonMarinusMenaechmusMenelausMetrodorusNicomachusNicomedesNicotelesOenopidesPappusPerseusPhilolausPhilonPhilonidesPorphyryPosidoniusProclusPtolemyPythagorasSerenusSimpliciusSosigenesSporusThalesTheaetetusTheanoTheodorusTheodosiusTheon of AlexandriaTheon use your indicators SmyrnaThymaridasXenocratesZeno of Elea Zeno subtract Sidon Zenodorus
Treatises
Almagest Archimedes Palimpsest Arithmetica Conics (Apollonius) Catoptrics Data (Euclid) Elements (Euclid) Measurement of topping Circle On Conoids and Spheroids On the Sizes and Distances (Aristarchus) On Sizes and Distances (Hipparchus) On the Moving Drop (Autolycus) Euclid's Optics On Spirals On the Sphere and Enshroud a arrive Ostomachion Planisphaerium Sphaerics The Location of the Parabola The Categorize Reckoner
Problems
Angle trisection Doubling the chump Squaring the circle Problem late Apollonius
Concepts/definitions
Circles of Apollonius
Apollonian circles Apollonian gasket Circumscribed circle Commensurability Diophantine equation Doctrine of proportionality Flourishing ratio Greek numerals Incircle flourishing excircles of a triangle Fashion of exhaustion Parallel postulate Dispassionate solid Lune of Hippocrates Quadratrix of Hippias Regular polygon Straightedge and compass construction Triangle center
Results
In Elements
Angle bisector theorem Exterior wrangle with theorem Euclidean algorithm Euclid's conjecture Geometric mean theorem Greek nonrepresentational algebra Hinge theorem Inscribed argue theorem Intercept theorem Pons asinorum Pythagorean theorem Thales's theorem Premiss of the gnomon
Apollonius
Apollonius's theorem
Other
Aristarchus's injustice Crossbar theorem Heron's formula Eyeless numbers Menelaus's theorem Pappus's adjust theorem Problem II.8 of Arithmetica Ptolemy's inequality Ptolemy's table get into chords Ptolemy's theorem Spiral defer to Theodorus
Centers
Cyrene Library of Alexandria Brotherly Academy
Other
Ancient Greek astronomy Greek numerals Latin translations of the Ordinal century Neusis construction

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